Researchers at the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Rourkela have secured a patent for a biodegradable and antimicrobial bio-composite film that could replace petroleum-based plastic materials widely used in wound dressings, bandages and other healthcare products.
The innovation, developed by researchers from the Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, aims to tackle the growing challenge of medical plastic waste while offering a sustainable and cost-effective alternative for the healthcare industry.
Patent for sustainable healthcare material
The patented technology, titled “Biodegradable and Antimicrobial Bio-composite Film and Process for Preparing Thereof”, was developed by Dr Angana Sarkar, Associate Professor, along with her research graduate Dr Pritam Bajirao.
The bio-composite film has been designed to address the limitations of conventional petroleum-based medical plastics, which are non-biodegradable and contribute significantly to environmental pollution after disposal.
Made from bacterial bioplastic and neem oil
The researchers developed the material using a naturally occurring bioplastic produced by bacteria cultivated on sugarcane molasses. To enhance its strength and flexibility, the team incorporated naturally extracted neem oil into the composite.
The resulting material combines improved mechanical properties with biodegradability, making it suitable for a range of biomedical applications.
According to the researchers, the film demonstrated higher mechanical strength, flexibility, thermal stability and hydrophobicity during laboratory testing, making it a promising replacement for conventional biomedical films.
Potential applications
The patented technology has potential applications across several healthcare products, including antimicrobial films, protective coatings, plastic-free bandages, wound dressings and other sustainable medical products.
The researchers said the inclusion of neem oil not only strengthens the material but also provides natural antimicrobial properties that inhibit bacterial growth and create a favourable environment for wound healing.
Cost-effective innovation
NIT Rourkela Associate Professor Dr Angana Sarkar said the developed material is completely biodegradable and environmentally sustainable while offering the mechanical performance required for biomedical applications.
She added that the antimicrobial properties of neem oil make the composite film particularly suitable for wound care products by preventing bacterial growth and supporting faster healing.
The researchers estimate the production cost of the bio-composite film at around ₹14.33 for a sheet measuring approximately 44.18 sq cm, indicating strong potential for affordable large-scale manufacturing.
Supports national sustainability goals
The institute said the innovation aligns with the Government of India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat, Make in India and National BioE3 Policy initiatives by promoting indigenous, environmentally friendly alternatives to imported petroleum-based plastics.
If commercialised, the technology could help reduce healthcare-related plastic waste while improving patient safety through its biodegradable and antimicrobial properties.